Psychology Neuroscience FRQ
As a parent you are trying to stress to your child why wearing a helmet when bike riding is so important. Your child is trying to tell you they feel dumb and look silly wearing a helmet, but your concern is their safety. Using the following terms, explain to your child why it is imperative to wear a helmet.
The medulla is the base of the brainstem, and it controls breathing and the heartbeat. Severe damage to this would end a person’s life because it controls two of the most important functions of the body. The cerebellum is at the rear of the brainstem, and it is involved in a person’s coordination and balance. Affecting this region could affect a person’s ability to coordinate their muscles which can lead to the disability of walking. The frontal lobes is a part of the cerebral cortex, and it controls speaking and judgment. Injuring the frontal lobes can affect a person’s ability to communicate with others and affect a person’s ability to process and understand what they are saying. For instance, if someone seems to be lying, a person with damaged frontal lobes would lack the ability to differentiate between truths or lies. It can also affect personality and mood such as the case with Phineas Gage. The occipital lobes control a person’s visuals, and it is part of the cerebral cortex and is located at the back of the head. Impairment of this region can affect visual perception, and in worst cases it can cause blindness. The motor cortex is located at the end of the frontal lobes, and it controls voluntary movement. Damage to this can cause muscle paralysis or the inability to move body parts. The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, and it functions to hold short term memories. It also helps turn short term memories into long term memories. If the hippocampus on both sides of the hemispheres is injured, it can interfere with a person’s ability to form new memories. Plasticity is the brain’s ability to recover and modify itself so that the body is able to function properly. Plasticity is high in children because the brain is still developing and is very moldable. However, if a child gets into the habit of not wearing a helmet, and it continues on into his/her adulthood, he/she will be less likely to recover from a brain damage because the plasticity is less evident in adults. A MRI uses magnetic and radio waves to produce an image of the interior of the brain. By looking at this, one can see all of these important structures and its locations.
The medulla is the base of the brainstem, and it controls breathing and the heartbeat. Severe damage to this would end a person’s life because it controls two of the most important functions of the body. The cerebellum is at the rear of the brainstem, and it is involved in a person’s coordination and balance. Affecting this region could affect a person’s ability to coordinate their muscles which can lead to the disability of walking. The frontal lobes is a part of the cerebral cortex, and it controls speaking and judgment. Injuring the frontal lobes can affect a person’s ability to communicate with others and affect a person’s ability to process and understand what they are saying. For instance, if someone seems to be lying, a person with damaged frontal lobes would lack the ability to differentiate between truths or lies. It can also affect personality and mood such as the case with Phineas Gage. The occipital lobes control a person’s visuals, and it is part of the cerebral cortex and is located at the back of the head. Impairment of this region can affect visual perception, and in worst cases it can cause blindness. The motor cortex is located at the end of the frontal lobes, and it controls voluntary movement. Damage to this can cause muscle paralysis or the inability to move body parts. The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, and it functions to hold short term memories. It also helps turn short term memories into long term memories. If the hippocampus on both sides of the hemispheres is injured, it can interfere with a person’s ability to form new memories. Plasticity is the brain’s ability to recover and modify itself so that the body is able to function properly. Plasticity is high in children because the brain is still developing and is very moldable. However, if a child gets into the habit of not wearing a helmet, and it continues on into his/her adulthood, he/she will be less likely to recover from a brain damage because the plasticity is less evident in adults. A MRI uses magnetic and radio waves to produce an image of the interior of the brain. By looking at this, one can see all of these important structures and its locations.
*** Just inspiration, please do not copy!
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